Several weeks ago, I was comparing the indexes of fertiliser affordability based on today's prices of fertilisers and agricultural commodities. The conclusion was quite clear: fertilisers are less affordable for farmers today than they were a year ago.

It's well known that fertilisers supply plants with essential nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which are vital for their growth and productivity. Without adequate nutrient supply, crops may exhibit stunted growth, reduced yields, and poor quality. This can directly impact the farmer's income and the food supply.

So, what are the risks of skipping fertiliser application? I would highlight three main consequences:

Decreased yields: The most immediate effect of skipping fertilisers is a potential drop in crop yields. Insufficient nutrients can limit plant growth and reduce overall farm productivity.

Soil depletion: Over time, continuous cropping without replenishing soil nutrients can lead to soil degradation. Nutrients removed with each harvest are not replaced, resulting in nutrient-deficient soils that are less fertile.

Pest and disease susceptibility: Crops lacking essential nutrients are often weaker and more susceptible to pests and diseases. This can lead to additional costs in pest management and potential yield losses.

While completely omitting fertiliser application is not advisable, there are strategies farmers can employ to mitigate costs and maintain soil fertility:

Soil testing and precision agriculture: Conducting soil tests can help farmers understand the specific nutrient needs of their fields. Precision agriculture techniques enable the targeted application of fertilisers, ensuring efficient use and reducing waste.

Use of organic amendments: Incorporating organic matter, such as compost or manure, can help improve soil fertility and structure. While not a direct replacement for mineral fertilisers, these amendments can supplement nutrient needs and enhance soil health.

Crop rotation and cover cropping: Rotating crops and planting cover crops can naturally enhance soil fertility. Leguminous cover crops, for instance, can fix atmospheric nitrogen, adding valuable nutrients to the soil.

Reduced application rates: In some cases, farmers might reduce fertiliser application rates rather than skipping them entirely. This approach can provide crops with a minimum necessary nutrient supply while managing costs.

While the high cost of fertilisers can be a burden, skipping their application entirely is generally not advisable due to the negative impacts on crop yields and soil health. Instead, farmers should consider alternative strategies to optimise fertiliser use and explore sustainable practices to maintain soil fertility.

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Author by Mr. Ilya Motorygin